Experts unveil practical plan to end technology-facilitated child sexual abuse crisis: Global Threat Assessment 2025

MEDIA RELEASE

11 December 2025

WeProtect Global Alliance report finds that latest shifts in tech and society are endangering children and unveils new cross-sector Prevention Framework for preventing abuse.

  • There was a 1,325% rise in reports linked to AI-generated child sexual abuse material to NCMEC between 2023 and 2024.
  • Societal and behavioural shifts including growing recognition of children displaying harmful sexual behaviours and links to extremism, violence and financial scams are driving online child sexual exploitation and abuse.
  • New Prevention Framework launched providing practical tool for technology companies, governments, civil society organisations and intergovernmental organisations to tackle the crisis.

The Global Threat Assessment 2025, launched today by WeProtect Global Alliance, finds that global safeguards to protect children from online sexual exploitation and abuse are failing to keep up with the rapidly evolving crisis.

The report shows that despite growing international momentum and legislation to tackle the issue and improved detection and removal of harmful content, both technological and societal shifts have heightened the risks to children online since 2023.

It provides a comprehensive synthesis of globally available data, expert analysis, youth and survivor perspectives and case studies from organisations working on the frontline of tackling technology-facilitated sexual abuse. The research was conducted by the CPC Learning Network at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, with contributions from an Expert Steering Committee and global leaders from WeProtect Global Alliance’s membership, consisting of 350+ organisations around the world.

Iain Drennan, Executive Director of WeProtect Global Alliance said:
“The Global Threat Assessment 2025 shows that the online child sexual exploitation and abuse crisis continues to evolve along with rapid technological change, societal shifts and concerning behavioural trends, and persists as an urgent threat to children’s safety around the world. Central to this year’s report, however, is the message that we already have the solutions; preventative approaches are key to solving this crisis. We need every sector and every country to play their part. The Prevention Framework launched with this year’s report provides an accessible and practical tool to enable that.”

Technological drivers of abuse

The rapid advancement and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has contributed to an explosion in the creation and distribution of child sexual abuse material (CSAM), with NCMEC seeing a 1,325% increase in reports between 2023 and 2024 (NCMEC). Perpetrators are also adapting to digital spaces such as end-to-end encryption platforms to groom children and evade detection. The report flags additional changes to the digital landscape that have significant potential to impact on children’s safety in the coming years, including quantum computing, decentralisation and extended reality (XR).

The report highlights the increasingly blurred distinction between children’s online and offline experiences as digital technologies are now an embedded and seamless part of most aspects of everyday life for many, permeating relationships, education, leisure and beyond. Youth access to the internet outpaces the general population by 13% and the majority of children in a study spanning 55 countries started using a digital device before the age of 10 (Slater SO et.al).

The research makes clear the need to protect children from sexual exploitation and abuse in all spaces, whether digital or in-person, but reveals that 60% of the top global content-sharing platforms do not publish any information on how they address child sexual exploitation (OECD).

Societal drivers of abuse

The report finds that the criminal activity of financial sexual extortion has grown to be a major threat, with NCMEC receiving approximately 100 reports of financial sexual extortion every day in 2024 (NCMEC).

The research also identifies a complex web of harms that increasingly overlap and intersect with the issue of child sexual exploitation and abuse. These include the issues of self-harm, terrorist and violent extremist content and a growing concern around children who display harmful sexual behaviours and peer-to-peer abuse.

Experts issue urgent call to move to prevention-based strategies

At the heart of this year’s report is a global call to action for a decisive shift from reactive approaches which tackle the problem after abuse has taken place, towards proactive prevention, in line with public-health approaches that have been successful in reducing harms from smoking and car accidents.

The new Prevention Framework launched as part of the report provides a practical tool and tailored recommendations for civil society organisations, governments, private sector companies, academia and intergovernmental organisations, to safeguard children online. It is designed to be used alongside existing tools such as WeProtect Global Alliance’s Model National Response Framework and underscores the need for cross-sector action and the centrality of including child, youth and survivor voices in the response.

The Global Threat Assessment 2025 also highlights the economic cost of failing to invest in prevention-based approaches and the urgent need to close the global funding gap. It cites that violence against children can cost countries up to 11% of GDP, and that $5 billion is spent annually on incarcerating adults convicted of sex crimes against children in the United States which drastically outweighs spending on prevention (Safe Online).

The Prevention Framework is organised around four connected action areas which aim to prioritise safety by design, strengthen regulations, boost services for children, survivors and potential offenders and raise awareness and education in communities:

• Child participation and leadership
• Community education and support
• Digital safety
• Law, policy, and justice

Cassie Landers, EdD, MPH Assistant Professor and Director of the CPC Learning Network, Columbia University said:
“The 2025 Global Threat Assessment provides a powerful action-oriented framework for tackling the complex global threat of technology-facilitated child sexual exploitation and abuse. Fast-emerging technology-driven exposures threaten and thwart children’s growth development across all domains. These threats appear faster than our capacity to shape, define and implement safeguards. But as noted in the report, there is an emerging global movement. Children’s voices are no longer silent. Rather, they have been uplifted to a vital role helping us to better understand risk factors, comprehend behavioral and physical impact, and identify realistic sustainable solutions. There is no time to wait. Public Health epidemiologists and social scientists have a critical role in filling existing data gaps and analyzing what works and why.”


To access the full Global Threat Assessment 2025 and the Prevention Framework, visit: http://www.weprotect.org/global-threat-assessment-25/

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For press enquiries please contact Poppy Reid in the WeProtect Global Alliance press office at gro.agtcetorpewobfsctd-81ad3e@aidem

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